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  City and Guilds e-Quals Level 2 - Diploma for IT Practitioners (Software Development)
 

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  City and Guilds e-Quals Level 2 - Diploma for IT Practitioners (Software Development)
  For the award of a Diploma, candidates must successfully complete the assessments for one of units 201-205, plus unit 206 and any two other units from 201-209 within the Level 2 Diploma for IT Practitioners (Software Development) award.

Core units
201 Create software components using 'C'
202 Create software components using C++
204 Create software components using Visual Basic
205 Create software components using Java
206 Test software components
Optional units
208 Web site design
City & Guilds Unit 206 Test Software Components Level 2 (Core)
Rationale
The aim of this unit is to enable candidates to competently test software components by preparing test data and test plans and analysing the results. There are 4 outcomes to this unit. The candidate will be able to

1. prepare for testing
2. record the results of tests
3. analyse test results
4. identify Health and Safety requirements

Assessment
Assessment will be by means of a set assignment covering both practical activities, and a multiple choice test covering underpinning knowledge.

Outcome 1: Prepare for testing
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. identify from a given specification the test required to carry out functional testing
2. prepare a test plan
3. prepare test data
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. describe 'white box testing' as logical testing dependant on the logic of the code used in software
2. describe 'black box testing' as functional testing carried out independently of the code used in software
3. describe the difference between top-down and bottom-up testing
4. state that the purpose of testing is to prove that software matched its specification and to find errors so that they can be corrected
5. list the essential features of a test plan (Appendix A)
* test number
* date
* purpose/type of test
* expected outputs for stated inputs
6. describe the importance of designing test data to confirm a program works correctly under normal and exceptional circumstances
* valid
* invalid
* boundary
7. state that recovery testing is done to ensure that data can be recovered after a hardware/software failure
8. state that performance testing is required to ensure that a system can deal with large volumes of data and still achieve the response times required by the user
9. describe how performance testing may require software to be written to generate large volumes of data
10. state that to comply with quality control procedures a standardised and rigorous approach to testing is required
Outcome 2: Record the results of tests
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to1. use a test plan to carry out a series of tests
2. record the test results in a test log
3. provide evidence of testing (eg: printed output, screen shots, file output)
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. list the essential features of a test log (Appendix B)
* test number
* date actual results
* record of discrepancies between actual results and expected results
2. state that the test number must provide a cross reference between a test plan its corresponding test log and test output (printed, screen shots or file)
3. describe the importance of testing software in the target environment
Outcome 3: Analyse test results
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use the test log to produce a report which: -
* specifies the presence or absence of errors
* makes proposals for rectifying errors reports on the success of the test against the original software specification
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. describe the different types of software error
* syntax
* logical
* run-time
* non compliance with specification
2. describe common causes of run-time errors (eg: forever loops, illegal file operations, divide by zero)
3. describe the difference between testing and debugging
4. describe the purpose of test plans, test logs, test results and test reports in relation to technical documentation
5. describe the relevance of testing in relation to software quality and maintenance
6. describe how well thought out test plans and test data can be reused for subsequent testing after errors are resolved or maintenance amendments made
7. describe the purpose of version control procedures when developing, testing, amending and maintaining software and documentation with reference to quality assurance
Outcome 4: Identify Health and Safety requirements
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. maintain a safe working environment for self and others
2. use safe working practices at all times
3. operate equipment according to suppliers, manufacturers and/or workplace requirements
4. use and maintain equipment, materials and accessories to a safe standard
5. use reporting procedures to report any hazard
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. describe what elements and practices create a good working environment
* frequent breaks away from the computer
* correct positioning of screens/chairs/ keyboards
* adequate lighting and ventilation
2. identify the health and safety precautions to adopt when using a computer
* ensuring that power cables are safely secured
* ensuring that power points are not overloaded
3. identify injuries common in a bad working environment
* repetitive strain injury
* eye strain
* bad posture
4. identify cleaning procedures related to IT equipment
5. explain the term 'ergonomics'
6. describe the main points of relevant legislation: Health and Safety at work Act 1974, electrical regulations, working with VDUs, COSHH regulations
7. explain the importance of keeping fire doors and exits clear and unblocked
8. describe the use of different types of fire extinguishers, in particular those suitable for use in the IT environment
City & Guilds Unit 201 Create Software Components using 'C'
Rationale
The aim of this unit is to enable candidates to understand the principles required to create software using the 'C' programming language. Candidate will develop the skills required to create and test software components to solve a given problem.

There are 7 outcomes to this unit. The candidate will be able to
1. specify the basic tools required to create, compile and execute a program
2. perform output to the screen
3. construct and execute a 'C' program using input, output and different data types
4. use pre-defined functions
5. use operators for arithmetic and logical purposes
6. use suitable control structures and functions within a program
7. produce programs, which are tested and presented to a specified/agreed standard
Assessment
Assessment will be by means of a set assignment covering both practical activities, and a multiple choice test covering underpinning knowledge.
Outcome 1: Specify the basic tools required to create, compile execute a program
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. select the tools required to create source code
2. create a simple program using a 'C' text editor
3. save and retrieve source code to/form disk
4. use the standard 'C++' input/output library
#include
5. use meaningful names when naming programs
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. describe the meaning of a stand-alone program
2. identify the basic structure of a 'C' program
3. identify the need for an #include directives in a 'C' program
4. describe the pre-processor stage
5. explain why source code is compiled
6. describe why object code is linked with library files in producing executable code
7. state the file types that are created when program code is fully compiled
8. describe the difference between source code, object code and executable code
9. identify which file type can be edited
10. identify the processes required in saving and retrieving source code from disk
Outcome 2: perform output to the screen
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use the correct output syntax to produces screen messages
2. compile source code
3. interpret and resolve compilation error massages
4. edit source code
5. use formatters in program.
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. describe the meaning of the following syntax: -
* #include
* #define
* int main()
* return
* void main()
* printf()
* ; (semi-colon)
* /* */
2. identify the need for indentation in code to aid readability
3. state the purpose of compiling source code
4. describe the purpose of the following formatters: -
\f \n \r \t \\ \a \" \' %%
5. explain the difference between compilation errors and run-time errors
6. state that some compilers produce object code that can only be run on a run-time system
Outcome 3: Construct and execute a 'C' program using input, output and different data type
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. create a program that defines data types;
* char
* int
* float
* char[]
2. use the scanf() function to read from the keyboard into a variable using the correct variable based formatters
3. use meaningful variable names
4. use the #define directive to create a symbolic name or constant in a program.
5. create and use one-dimensional array of types: -
* char
* int
* float
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. identify the correct data types to be used in a program
2. identify the need for variable based formatters to be used when inputting or outputting data
3. state that variable names in 'C' are case sensitive
4. explain that reason for using uppercase for symbolic constant names and lowercase for variable and function names
5. explain the difference between a character variable and a character string
6. explain the purpose of the null terminator
7. identify the problems in using scanf() to input strings
8. explain the difference between a constant and a variable
9. identify the syntax required to declare an array
Outcome 4: Use pre-defined functions
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use pre-defined functions in a program similar to
* getc()
* getchar()
* getch()
* getche()
* gets()
* putc()
* puts()
* clrscr()
* clreol()
* toupper()
* tolower()
2. convert a strings using: -
* atoi()
* atof()
3. use strcpy() to assign a string
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. identify the purpose of pre-defined functions
2. state the purpose of the strcpy() function
3. explain the difference between echoed and non-echoed character input (eg: getch() and getche()
4. identify the appropriate pre-defined function for converting a string to a numeric value
5. identify the resulting data type when using atoi() and atof()
Outcome 5: Use operators for arithmetic and logical purposes
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use the assignment operator =(equals) in a program
2. use the arithmetic operators: -
i.e. * / - + %
3. use the ++ and - operators in prefix and postfix mode
4. use a conditional statement within a program which includes if and else
5. use a switch statement in a program.
6. create simple and compound statements
7. use relational operators in a program
8. use logical operators in a program: -
i.e. !(not) && (and) ||(or)
9. use #define constants to represent TRUE and FALSE
10. use the ASCII code as part of validation.
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. identify the precedence of arithmetic operators including the use of parenthesis in calculations
2. state the difference between the = and == symbols
3. identify the role of conditional statements within a program
4. state the use of a switch statement
5. identify the correct operators to use when making a conditional statement
6. describe the ++ and - - operators purpose in prefix and postfix mode
7. describe compound statements (eg: the nesting of if statements)
8. describe the purpose of the symbols
{ } ( ) [ ] < >
9. describe the actions of the relational operators: -
< <= = = != > >=
Outcome 6: Use suitable control structures and functions within a program
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use control structures within the program utilising the loops: -
* while
* do...while
* for
2. use control structures as part of a validation process
3. create functions with/without parameters
4. use a function to return a value
5. demonstrate the difference between local and global variables
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. identify the purpose and format of the: -
* while
* do...while
* for
2. describe how control structures can assist in the validation of user input
3. state the purpose of functions in a program
4. explain why function prototypes have to be declared in a program
5. explain the difference between global and local variables
6. explain scope in relation to local and global variables
7. state the difference between passing parameters to a function: -
* by value (copy)
* by reference
Outcome 7: produce programs, which are tested and presented to a specified/agreed Standard.
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. write programs using case sensitivity to improve program readability
2. write syntax that is consistently indented
3. add documents to program using /**/
4. print a program listing
5. select an appropriate method to test for the expected outcome of the program
6. compare expected output from test data to the actual output of the run-time program.
7. provide evidence that the program complies with the specification
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. explain the need to use meaningful comments to a program to aid understanding of a program
2. state the benefits of printing a hard copy (program listing) of source code
3. identify that testing for expected output can assist in determining whether or not the program is working correctly and conforms to the specification
City & Guilds Unit 202 Create Software Components using 'C++' Level 2 (Core)
Rationale
The aim of this unit is to enable candidates to understand the principles required to create software using the 'C++' programming language. Candidate will develop the skills required to create and test software components to solve a given problem.

There are 7 outcomes to this unit. The candidate will be able to
1. specify the basic tools required to create, compile and execute a program
2. perform output to the screen
3. construct and execute a 'C++' program using input, output and different data types
4. use pre-defined functions
5. use operators for arithmetic and logical purposes
6. use suitable control structures and functions within a program
7. produce programs, which are tested and presented to a specified/agreed standard
Assessment
Assessment will be by means of a set assignment covering both practical activities, and a multiple choice test covering underpinning knowledge.

Outcome 1: Specify the basic tools required to create, compile and execute a program
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. select the tools required to create source code
2. create a simple program using a 'C++' text editor
3. save and retrieve source code to/from disk
4. use the standard 'C++' input/output library
#include
5. use meaningful names when naming programs
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. describe the meaning of a stand-alone program
2. identify the basic structure of a 'C++' program
3. identify the need for an #include directives in a 'C++' program
4. describe the pre-processor stage
5. explain why source code is compiled
6. describe why object code is linked with library files in producing executable code
7. state the file types that are created when program code is fully compiled
8. describe the difference between source code, object code and executable code
9. identify which file typecan be edited
10. identify the processes required in saving and retrieving source code from disk
Outcome 2: Perform output to the screen
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use the correct output syntax to produce screen massages
2. compile source code
3. interpret and resolve compilation error messages
4. edit source code
5. use stream manipulation in a program
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. describe the meaning of the following syntax: -
* #include
* #define
* int main()
* return
* void main()
* cout<<
* cin>>
* ; (semi-colon)
* /* */
* //
2. identify the need for indentation in code to aid readability
3. state the purpose of compiling source code
4. describe the purpose of the following standard escape sequences: -
endl \n \r \t \\ \a \" \'
5. explain the difference between compilation errors and run-time errors
6. state that some compilers produce object code that can only be run on a run-time system
Outcome 3: Construct and execute a 'C++' program using input, output and different data types.
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. create a program which defines data types
* char
* int
* float
* char[]
2. use cin>> to read from the keyboard.
3. use meaningful variable name
4. use #define to create symbolic name or constant in a program.
5. use const to declare constants of types: -
* int
* float
* char
6. create and use one-dimensional arrays of types: -
* char
* int
* float
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. identify the correct data types to be used in a program
2. state that variable names in 'C++' are case sensitive
3. explain that reason for using uppercase for symbolic constant names and lowercase for variables and function names
4. explain the difference between a character variable, and a character string
5. explain the purpose of the null terminator in relation to a string
6. identify the problems in using cin>> to input strings (whitespace)
7. explain the difference between strings and characters when using the symbols " " or ' '
8. explain the difference between a constant and a variable
9. identify the declaration construct an array
10. identify that data types must be compatible with the data being assigned
Outcome 4: Use pre-defined functions
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use pre-defined function in a program similar to: -
* getch()
* getche()
* cin.getline()
* gets()
* cltscr()
* clreol()
* tolower()
* toupper()
2. convert strings using;
* atoi()
* atof()
3. use strcpy() to assign a string.
4. input strings using;
* cin.getline()
* gets()
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. identify the purpose of pre-defined functions
2. state the meaning of 'exceeding array bounds' when dealing with strings
3. state the purpose of the strcpy() function
4. explain the difference between echoed and non-echoed character input (eg: getch() and getche()
5. identify the appropriate pre-defined function for converting a string to a numeric value
6. identify the resulting data type when using atoi() and atof()
Outcome 5: Use operators for arithmetic and logical purposes
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use the assignment operator = (equals) in a program
2. use the ++ and - operators in prefix and postfix mode
3. use the arithmetic operators: -
i.e. * / - + %
4. use a conditional statement within a program which includes if and else
5. use a switch statement in a program
6. create simple and compound statements
7. use relational operators in a program
8. use logical operators in a program in decision making processes: -
i.e. ! (not) && (and) || (or)
9. use constants to represent TRUE and FALSE
10. use the ASCII code as part of validation.
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. identify the precedence of arithmetic operators
2. state the difference between the = and == symbols
3. identify the role of conditional statements within a program
4. identify the correct operators to use when making a conditional statement
5. state the use of a switch statement
6. describe the ++ and - - operators purpose in prefix and postfix mode
7. describe compound statements (eg: the nesting of if statements)
8. describe the purpose of the symbols
{ } ( ) [ ] < >
9. describe the order of precedence for arithmetic operators including the use of parenthesis
10. describe the actions of the relational operators: -
< <= = = != > >=
Outcome 6: Using suitable control structures and functions within a program
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use control structures within a program utilising the loops: -
* while
* do...while
* for
2. use control structures as part of a validation process
3. create functions with/without parameters
4. use a function to return a value
5. demonstrate the difference between local and global variables
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. identify the purpose and format of the: -
* while
* do...while
* for
2. describe how control structures can assist in the validation of user input
3. state that functions create a modular solution to a program and even main() is a function
4. state the purpose of functions in a program
5. explain why function prototypes have to be declared in a program
6. explain the difference between global and local variables
7. explain the meaning of scope in relation to local and global variables
8. state the difference between passing parameters to a function: -
* by value (copy)
* by reference
Outcome 7: Produce programs, which are tested and presented to a specified/agreed
Standard
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. write programs using case sensitivity to improve program readability
2. write syntax that is consistently indented
3. add comments to a program using /* */ and/or //
4. print a program listing
5. select an appropriate method to test for the expected outcome of a program
6. compare expected output from test data to the actual output of the run-time program
7. provide evidence that the program complies with the specification
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. explain the need to use meaningful comments to a program to aid understanding of a program
2. explain the difference between /* */ and / /
3. state the benefits of printing a hard copy (program listing) of source code
4. identify that testing for expected output can assist in determining whether or not the program is working correctly and conforms to the specification
City & Guilds Unit 204 Create Software Components using Visual Basic Level 2 (Core)
Rationale
The aim of this unit is to enable candidates to understand the principles required to create software using the Visual Basic programming language. Candidates will develop the skills required to create and test software components or small software systems to solve a given problem.

There are 5 outcomes to this unit. The candidate will be able to:
1. manage the development environment
2. use components to create a Graphical User Interface (GUI)
3. create code for a specified software component
4. use the debug facilities of the development environment
5. test a software component and produce printed output
Guided learning hours
The recommended guided learning hours for this unit are 90 hours.
Assessment
Assessment will be by means of a set assignment covering practical activities and a multiple choice test covering underpinning knowledge.
Outcome 1: manage the developed environment
Practical activities
The candidate will be able to:
1. access and exit the development environment
2. use the features of the development environment
3. use the find and find next menu command to locate specified words and strings in a project
4. use the replaced menu command to replace specified words and strings throughout the projects
5. add a control to and remove the control from the tools box for a project
6. create and save from (FRM) and projects files (VBP), with meaning full names
Underpinning knowledge
The candidate will be able to:
1. describe the purpose and function of the following file types:
* BAS
* EXE
* FRM
* VBP
2. state that controls can be added to the toolbox for a project from a supplied list or purchased from third parties
3. state the purpose of:
* Help
* Menus
* Toolbar
* Toolbox
* Windows (code, debug, form, project, properties)
* dialog boxes
Outcome 2: use components to create a graphical user interface(GUI)
Practical activities
The candidate will be bale to:
1. create a form and controls
2. use the menu editor
3. place a control on a form by drawing, selecting and dragging into position and resizing using control handles
4. change default properties of forms and control at design time
5. give meaning full name to forms and control using a consistent naming convention
6. change the setting of the colour properties of controls
7. change the settings of the text related properties of controls
8. change the setting of functional properties of control
9. change the setting of the position related properties of control
10. change the setting of the display related properties of control
11. use a frame control to group and contain others controls
12. select multiple control on a to drag the control as a group or to set a common property for the group
13. use copy and past to duplicate a control on a form
14. use the alignment grid to place controls accurately
Underpinning knowledge
The candidate will be able to:
1. identify Form1 as a default project start-up form
2. describe in simple terms the function of controls
3. state that each control type possesses a sub-set of the total number of available properties
4. state that, depending on the property and the control, a property setting may be: changed at design time or run-time; changed only at design time; not available at run-time
5. state that copied controls copy the property values from the original control
6. explain why copied controls create an indexed control
7. describe the use of dialog boxes and the main design features of forms used as dialog boxes
8. state the functions of the CommonDialog control properties:
* CancelError
* FileName
* Filter
* FilterIndex
* Flags
* ShowOpen
* ShowPrinter
* ShowSave
9. explain the use of controls
* CheckBox
* CommandButton
* CommonDialog
* Frame
* HscrollBar
* Image
* Label
* Line
* Option Button
* Shape
* TextBox
* Timer
* VscrollBar
10. explain the purposed of the Menu Editor
11. state the purpose of the text related properties of controls:
* Alignment
* Caption
* Font
* MulitLine
* Name
* PasswordChar
* Text
* WorWrap
12. identify the settings of the colour properties of controls:
* BackColor
* BorderColor
* FillColor
* ForeColor
13. identify the settings of the functional properties of controls:
* Cancel
* Checked
* Default
* Enabled
* Interval
* LargeChenge
* Max
* Min
* SmallChange
* Value
14. state the purpose of the position related properties of control
* Height
* Left
* Top
* Width
* X
* Y
15. decribe the purpose of display related properties of controls
* BackStyle
* BorderStyle
* BorderWidth
* FillStyle
* MousePointer
* Shape
* Transparent
* Visible
* WindowState
Outcome 3: create a code for a specified software component
Practical activities
The candidate will be able to:
1. use comments to document code
2. use consistent indentation and presentation of code to improve readability
3. declare all variable before use.
4. declare and use integer and string data types
5. declare and use constants and built in predefined constants as appropriate
6. use operators:
* assignment operators: =, <, >, <>, <=, >=
* relational operators: arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /
* logical operators: AND, OR, NOT
7. create program constructed for iteration:
* create program
* DO WHILE
8. create program construction for selection
* If
* If....Else
* Select Case
8. write function and procedures
10. use the MsgBox statement and function to display a message to the user and obtain the retain value
11.use the InputBox$ function to obtain an input string from the user
12.use methods: Move, Print, Refresh
13.read and write control properties during software execution
14.write event-handling code for events for controls
15.use menu controls to call up dialog boxes and position them
16.use the CommonDialog control to provide access to standard set of dialog boxes
17. use shortcut keys in captions, menus and controls
18. use the Do Events function
19. access a sequential text files.
Underpinning knowledge
The candidate will be able to:
1. explain the meaning the meaning of the terms 'data type' and 'data type mismatch'
2. describe code as being in the form of Sub procedures; either as event
3. procedures associated with controls, or general procedures in separate code modules
4. describe the function of the Visual Basic syntax and the use of Option Explicit
5. describe the action which triggers following events:
* Change
* Click
* DblClick
* Form Load
* MouseDown
* MouseMove
* MouseUp
* Scroll
* Timer
* Menu Option
6. identify 'idle time' as the time between event processing and know that idle time is essential for is program to be bale to respond to new events
7. explain the purpose of the DoEvents function
8. state the syntax for: comments; Sub procedures; writing and reading property values
9. describe the logical and relational operations, the procedure rules for arithmetic and the effects of parenthesis
10. describe software start-up sequence with reference to Form1 and the Dub Main procedure
11. state limitations on the use of Visual Basic reserved words
12. describe the operation of iteration program constructs: For, Do, While
13. describe the operation of selection program constructs: If, If...Else, Select Case
14. describe the structure of a sequential file and the method of access:
* Input
* Output
* Append
15. describe the operation of the FreeFile and EOF functions
16. explain the operation of the Open and Close statements
17. explain the importance of closing a file
Outcome 4: use the debug facilities of the development environment
Practical Activities
The candidate will be able to:
1. use debug facilities to locate logical error
2. break software execution using Ctrl+Break
3. set and clear breakpoints in code
4. use single-step mode to trace code execution
5. obtain variable values at breakpoints using available display windows
6. use the Debug. Print statement to obtain variable values
Underpinning knowledge
The candidate will be able to:
1. describe the operation and purpose of breakpoints in code
Outcome 5: test a software component and produce printed output
Practical activities
The candidate will be able to:
1. produce a diagram or a chart for a simple application program to show the relationship between controls and associated event processing and outcomes
2. use test data to determine the expected results from a software component
3. compare the expected to the actual results and correct any errors
4. resolve syntax, logical and run-time errors found during testing
5. provide evidence that the program complies with the specification
6. create an EXE file and test its operation
7. print forms (screen images)
8. print listing of code
9. provide evidence that control properties comply with the specification
Underpinning knowledge
The candidate will be able to:
1. describe and distinguish between syntax errors and logical errors
2. identify the cause of a run-time error
3. state the reasons for testing software prior to implementation
4. identify that resting for expected output can assist in determining whether or not a program is working correctly and conforms to the specification
City & Guilds Unit 205 Create Software Components using Java Level 2 (Core)
Rationale
The aim of this unit is to enable candidates to understand the principles required to create applets using the Java programming language. Candidate will develop the skills required to create and test software components or small software systems to solve a given problem.

This unit has been written to comply with Java JDK1.2(Java 2). However, this does not preclude centres form using Swing components.

There are 4 outcomes to this unit. The candidate will be able to
1. manage the development environment
2. use components to create a Graphical User Interface (GUI)
3. create code for a specified software component
4. test a software component and produce printed output
Assessment
Assessment will be by means of a set assignment covering both practical activities, and a multiple choice test covering underpinning knowledge.
Outcome 1: Manage the development environment
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. access the development environment
2. create a source code file(java) for a java applet using a text
3. compile a source code file into a bytecode file (class)
4. resolve syntax errors flagged by the compiler
5. create an HTML file which contains a reference to a Java applet
6. run an applet using the appletviewer or a browser
7. exit the development environment
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. Describe the purpose and function of the following file types:
* java
* class
* html
2. State the difference between a Java application and a Java applet
3. State the relationship between an applet, an HTML document and a browser
Outcome 2: Use components to create a Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use a layout manager
2. create and use methods to manipulate components
3. create and use methods to manipulate a dialog
4. set the attribute values of components objects
5. load, display and scale images
6. draw lines and shapes and use different text fonts and font styles
7. implement a listener to handle events generated by components
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. describe the different layout managers and how they organise components in a container: -
* flow
* border
* grid
2. describe components with which the user can interact via a mouse or keyboard: -
* Text field
* Label
* Text area
* Check box
* Radio button
* Choice
* List
* Button
* Frame
* Menu
3. describe containers, Frames and Menus
4. state that a Panel is a container used for organising components
5. describe modal and non-modal Dialog
6. state that a listener is implemented to enable an object to become an event listener and be notified of an event.
Outcome 3: Create code for a specified software component
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use comments to document code
2. use consistent indentation and presentation of code to improve readability
3. use the import statement to access predefined classes from packages
4. declare and use the data types: -
* int
* float
* boolean
5. declare and use constants and built-in predefined constants as appropriate
6. create new objects
7. use and manipulate string, font and colour objects
8. create user-defined classes
9. use extends to create a user defined class
10. use operators: -
assignment operator=
relational operators: ==, <, >, !=, <=, >=
arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /
logical operators: && (AND), || (OR), ! (NOT)
11. use program constructs for iteration: -
* for
* while
* do...while
12. use program constructs for selection: -
* if
* if...else
* switch
13. use the break statement
14. modify colours using the RGB model
15. use the paint() method to draw an applet
16. use the drawString() method of a Graphic object to output text to the screen
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. describe in simple terms the operation of software where discrete sections of code run in response to user-initiated events
2. describe the syntax for comments: -
3. state that a class is a template for an object
4. identify the stricture of a class, its attributes and methods
5. describe the syntax for a method declaration, how its type is determined and its arguments specified
6. describe the logical and relational operators, the precedence rules for arithmetic and the effects of parenthesis
7. state limitations on the use of Java reserved words
8. describe the operation of iteration program constructs: -
* for
* while
* do...while
9. describe the operation of selection program constructs: -
* if
* if...else
* switch
10. state that the Abstract Widowing Toolkit (AWT) is a package of classes that implements most common User Interface (UI) components and also generates and manages events
11. describe the use of packages and the purpose of the import statement
12. describe applet security(read, write, delete, rename)
13. state that the init() method is used to load and initialise an applet
14. describe how the stop() method is called when execution of an applet is suspended and how the destroy() method is called when an applet
Outcome 4: Test a software component and produce printed output
Practical activities - the candidate will be able to
1. use test data to determine the expected results from a software component
2. compare the expected to the actual results and correct any errors
3. use available tools to identify errors
4. resolve logical and run-time errors found during testing
5. provide evidence that the program complies with the specification
6. print the Graphical User Interface (screen images)
7. print listing of code
Underpinning knowledge - the candidate will be able to
1. describe and distinguish between syntax errors and logical errors
2. identify the cause of a run-time error
3. state the reasons for testing a software component prior to implementation
4. identify that testing for expected output can assist in determining whether or not a program is working correctly and conforms to the specification
City & Guilds Unit 208 Web site design - Level 2 (Optional)
Rationale
The aim of this unit is to equip candidates with the principles needed to be able to create and maintain a series of web pages, which collectively form what is commonly known as a web site.

There are 6 outcomes to this unit. The candidate will be able to:
1. describe and apply the basics of web page development
2. undertake user requirements analyses
3. use appropriate development tools to implement web pages
4. test web sites
5. use graphics software to create and manipulate images on web pages
6. publish and maintain web sites
Assessment
The assessment will be by means of a set assignment covering both practical activities and underpinning knowledge.

Outcome 1:Describe and apply the basics of web page development
Practical activities
The candidate will be able to:
1. achieve desired effects for:
* pages (set suitable default background page and text colours, background image)
* text (font, size, style, colour)
* paragraphs (paragraph and line breaks, indentation) using
a. a text editor to apply specific HTML tags
b. WYSIWYG HTML editing tools
2. convert images into formats suitable for inclusion on web pages
Underpinning knowledge
The candidate will be able to:
1. describe the effects that different screen resolutions and colour depths have on web pages
2. explain the significance of the speed of the internet connection between the user's computer and the internet, (different file sizes and download times)
3. describe the main features and capabilities found in web browsers
4. state the main features of the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and identify its limitations
5. describe the importance of the pixel
6. explain the advantages and disadvantages between different graphics file formats suitable for use in a web page
7. explain the issues involving copyright law relevant to internet web sites

Outcome 2: Undertake user requirements analyses:
Practical activities
The candidate will be able to:
1. design web sites for target audiences using storyboarding
2. create appropriate structure diagrams demonstration the linking structure of web pages
3. produce project plans for the incremental development of web sites including the gathering of suitable resources
Underpinning knowledge
The candidate will be able to:
1. identify the functions of different web sites, for example: educational, governmental and commercial (reference, selling, promotion, entertainment)
2. describe the term 'target audience'
3. identify the importance of a 'house style'
4. explain the relative merits of different page layout styles (standard, tables, frames)
5. identify how maintenance and further development need to be considered during design
Outcome 3: Use appropriate development tools to implement web pages
Practical activities
The candidate will be able to:
1. create templates for pages used within a web site based upon house styles
2. embed images within web pages
a. set suitable alignment attributes
b. use the Alt tag to provide the user with alternative meaningful information
3. use tables to enhance the layout of
a. text and graphics
b. tabular information
4. use anchors (bookmarks) to establish hyperlinks within a single web page
5. use hyperlinks to:
a. pages within the same web
b. other sites on the World Wide Web
c. e-mail
d. FTP
6. create image maps
7. use meta tags to add keyword information to pages to aid search engines
come 4: Test web sites
Practical activities
The candidate will be able to:
1. verify all inks to work as expected
2. use different browsers to preview pages and verify all components appear as expected
Outcome 5: Use graphics software to create and manipulate images on a web page
Practical activities
The candidate will be able to:
1. resize images within web sites:
a. for use as background images on pages
b. for use as icons or thumbnails
c. to specific dimensions
2. apply transparency to images
3. use file compression to achieve optimal quality of images within constraints (file size, download times)
4. apply 'web safe' palettes of colours to images
Underpinning knowledge
The candidate will be able to:
1. explain the factors that can affect the file size of an image:
a. number of colours
b. file compression
c. physical pixel dimension
d. file type
2. describe the advantage of 'transparency' when applied to an image
3. explain a purpose of using a 'web safe' palette of colours
Outcome 6: Publish and maintain web sites
Practical activities
The candidate will be able to:
1. use software to manage the development of web sites
2. publish (upload) websites to Internet/Intranet or other web servers
Underpinning knowledge
The candidate will be able to:
1. identify how the site can be promotes (register with search engine, advertise, exchange links with other sites)
2. state the need for security when sending certain types of information across the Internet
 
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